Darfur Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Darfur - Essay Example c fighting between the Sudanese focal government and various extremist developments since February 2003; these gatherings are requesting rights for the neighborhood people groups and more state interest in their underestimated region†. As it were, the primary explanation behind the appearance and the advancement of savagery in the state has been the resistance between the government’s choices and the willing of the significant piece of the populace. It ought to be seen that the results of the advancement of this contention have been serious. All the more explicitly, it is seen in the Africa Studies Center (2007) that â€Å"at the beginning of the furnished clash, Darfur, which is the size of France, had a populace of around 6 million (for all intents and purposes all Muslims) yet the number is essentially lower today because of mass killings, infection, starvation and constrained removals similar to ethnic purifying brought about by the ‘scorched earth’ mil itary activities of the administration troops and nearby volunteer armies; these civilian armies, known as the ‘Janjawiid’, have been to a great extent selected from Arabized people groups from northern and eastern Darfur†. The primary purpose behind the continuation of the above depicted circumstance can't be accurately portrayed, anyway it could be viewed as that the restrictions in interests of the state and those of the renegades is bound to have prompted this outcome. The improvement of the contention in Darfur is depicted on a report of BBC News (2007) as per which â€Å"The strife started in the dry and devastated locale from the get-go in 2003 after a radical gathering started assaulting government targets, saying the district was being ignored by Khartoum; the renegades state the administration is mistreating dark Africans for Arabs; Darfur, which means place where there is the Fur, has confronted numerous long stretches of pressure over land and brushin g rights between the for the most part traveling Arabs, and ranchers from the Fur, Massaleet and Zagawa communities†. At the end of the day, it appears that the contention in Darfur has not started in light of an arbitrary activity

Service quality assessing and profiling of KPMG's organisation Essay

Administration quality surveying and profiling of KPMG's association - Essay Example Explicitly the two models are Lovelock and Wirtz’s Flower of Services Model, and the Molecular Model created by Shostack. KPMG’s traits as administration organization KPMG is an assistance organization. It has the attributes as nitty gritty by Ronen and Pass (2010, p. 845) which are in this applied and examined. (1) Its items are not physical in nature. KPMG spends significant time in review, expense and warning administrations as its foremost items. It additionally gives â€Å"industry insight† †that is, the Company directs its customers in tending to the market difficulties of their organizations. The administrations might be truly spoken to by the review reports and warnings, however the substance and substance, which involve the administration itself, are not truly unmistakable. (2) There is an enormous fluctuation among KPMG and its rivals, regarding clients, administration types, specialist co-ops and administration methods. Regularly, review and warni ng suppliers have some expertise in a specific industry or business. Moreover bookkeeping principles permit the bookkeeper some caution in their decision of bookkeeping systems, for example, devaluation strategies (Needles, Powers, and Crosson, 2010). Combined with these little contrasts are the bigger contrasts between organizations even in a similar industry, which would legitimize the fitting of administrations to that particular client. (3) Compliance and control are not unimportant. The administrations which KPMG reaches out to its demographic are of a profoundly specific nature. The review and expense systems are carefully directed by law and by the standards set somewhere around the bookkeeping business. People who serve in these limits must be bookkeepers appropriately... The firm that is broke down in the paper is KPMG, a help organization. It has the qualities as point by point by Ronen and Pass which are thus applied and talked about. KPMG spends significant time in review, duty and warning administrations as its primary items. It likewise gives â€Å"industry insight† †that is, the Company directs its customers in tending to the market difficulties of their organizations. The administrations might be genuinely spoken to by the review reports and warnings, however the substance and substance, which include the administration itself, are not truly unmistakable. Regularly, review and warning suppliers spend significant time in a specific industry or business. Besides bookkeeping measures permit the bookkeeper some prudence in their decision of bookkeeping techniques, for example, devaluation strategies. Combined with these little contrasts are the bigger contrasts between organizations even in a similar industry, which would legitimize th e fitting of administrations to that particular client. The administrations which KPMG stretches out to its customers are of a profoundly specific nature. The review and expense systems are carefully directed by law and by the standards set somewhere around the bookkeeping business. People who serve in these limits must be bookkeepers properly guaranteed by the administration, who are pledged to fulfill the high guidelines of their calling, disappointment in which might be punished by disbarment. Besides, the experts who offer warning types of assistance and industry bits of knowledge to customers are profoundly gifted and have the compulsory capabilities in the specialized, market, and business fields.

International Social Work Lecture and Curriculum Proposal

Question: (1) Based on Ife's paper (2007), what recognizes (worldwide) social work from different methodologies of (global) network advancement and (universal) compassionate guide? (2) Based on the information you have obtained during your BHCS considers and with respect to Ife's educational program proposition at University level (Ife 2007: p. 17-24), how can it help you with your multifaceted correspondence and diverse incorporation when working in the field? Answer: (1)According to Ife, the major separating factors (universal) social work between (global) network advancement just as (worldwide) helpful guide are fundamental beliefs, targets, objectives and approach (Ife, 2007). Compassionate guide fundamentally accentuates on the giving help to the human enduring fulfilling the essential needs of humankind. Network advancement centers around embraced the drawn out improvement exercises and it has some particular objectives for strengthening for the networks (Anckermann et al., 2005). On the off chance that the perspective of Ife is thought of, it will be discovered that the social laborers need to achieve a worldwide level so they can speak more loudly for the denied and defenseless individuals having a place with the universal network. As indicated by Ife, social work is continuing for grasping internationalism. Also, he proposed that the potential, abilities and estimations of the social laborer are significant for evaluating just as tending t o issues which are not related with the social or some other western impacts. It is fundamental for the social specialists to have these aptitudes as it will empower them to react to different circumstances which happen at worldwide level. Moreover, the social specialists must concentrate on reception of the fundamental qualities so as to battle for the human right and the issues of social equity so as to help the denied masses over the globe (Ife, 2007). Ife has contended that the social laborers need to assume a more prominent extremist job. They have to focus on the support against the social shameful acts and infringement of human rights in worldwide settings, for example, fear mongering and environmental change (Ife, 2007). (2) The educational program proposition of Ife and the information I have picked up during the course have altogether helped me to upgrade my insight and comprehension seeing culturally diverse correspondence just as incorporation. The proposition of Ife with respect to the adjustment in educational plan has given clear thought regarding how crafted by various field needs to address the culturally diverse joining at a worldwide level (Ife, 2007). Ife had recommended that away from and information on social and recorded setting of our own just as the country of the individuals we were working with (Giddens and Birdsall, 2001). He had proposed that so as to set up compelling correspondence between both the gatherings it is imperative to have adaptability to share belief systems of various countries and societies (Macionis, 2003). The open correspondence between individuals essentially helps in recognizing the history and culture of one another and it has been seen as an incredible path for creating trust just as great affinity with the customers, accomplices, and partners in a work environment where social decent variety is watched. In commonsense life, I have discovered this methodology exceptionally valuable and powerful for speaking with individuals having a place with various societies. Undivided attention is a significant viewpoint for managing them in a non-critical way and setting up open correspondence channel (Giddens and Birdsall, 2001). Ife has appropriately indentified the significant significance of understanding just as recognizing the way of life and history of other country (Ife, 2007). References Anckermann, S., Dominguez, M., Soto, N., Kjaerulf, F., Berliner, P. what's more, Naima Mikkelsen, E. (2005). Psycho-social help to enormous quantities of damaged individuals in post-struggle social orders: a way to deal with network improvement in Guatemala.Journal of Community Applied Social Psychology, 15(2), pp.136-152. Giddens, A. what's more, Birdsall, K. (2001).Sociology. Cambridge [England]: Polity Press. Ife, J. (2007). The new universal plans: what job for social work, Modified variant of the Inaugural Hokenstad International Social Work Lecture: San Francisco: Council for Social Work Education. Macionis, J. (2003).Sociology. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.

Immigration Essay Samples: No Longer a Mystery

Immigration Essay Samples: No Longer a Mystery The Battle Over Immigration Essay Samples and How to Win It An Immigration reform could wind up benefiting both america and the illegal people if they simply spend the opportunity to propose and set this up to where it benefits everyone. He will help refugees to get new safe place to live. He has always been an important but divisive aspect of social and political life in the United States, but in recent years, the debate about the perceived threats and benefits of immigration has intensified considerably. He could become an even more serious problem in the U.S. if the government does not produce stricter laws. Among the most heated debates in the USA today, is the matter of immigration. The government must restrict immigration laws in order to stop the overpopulation of the usa. There's been a public outcry over affirmative action that's the discrimination of immigrants at their workplace. There are a few reasons which justify and condemn illegal immigration that I will endeavor to talk about below. Politically, immigrants take a big part in the presidential elections. Therefore, today, they face different challenges than immigrants in the earlier years. The only means to stop illegal immigration is to create changes in rules. Many people are inclined to think that eradicating illegal immigration is impossible and that it cannot get the job done. Illegal immigrants bring lots of problems to the usa, and several are of the opinion they ought to not be allowed to go into the country in the very first location. Conclusion Illegal immigrants have a marginally higher crime rate than the overall population, but in addition they work jobs that numerous people don't want for inexpensive pay. Immigration doesn't have to be the bad man's escape in the event the government provides enough jobs for everybody. Illegal immigration is just one of the most commonly spread activities that people throughout the world practice. So, it's essential to attempt to find the citizenship of the nation you immigrate to as soon as possible. Migration entails many advantages for both the folks who go and for the nation that receives. Consistent maturation of the capital-work proportion maintains specialists' normal efficiency together with normal wages. Hence, it's obvious there are many pros and cons related to the immigration practice. Presently, the new arrivals do not will need to have immediate aid, hence, making them experience issues, such as, obtaining suffrage. Aside from the economic facets, another key reason behind immigration is safety and security. There are lots of characteristics of the problem you'll be able to discuss in an argumentative essay on the subject of immigration. It is one that has a number of facets to it all of which need to be fully understood in order to write the perfect essay. It'll be much faster for you to purchase an essay on the website and receive it on time than atte mpting to write it upon your own. There are a lot of things that you should include in immigration essays all of which we are wholly versed in. The price of your custom made essay will be based on the speed of delivery. When you get your completed essay, be sure to tell all your friends what a terrific service it is and what's the perfect place to purchase cheap essays. There are dozens and dozens of websites and internet agencies where you can obtain papers for high school, college or university. Locating a cheap NFL jersey has been a daunting undertaking for a number of the hardcore fans despite the team they support for.

Music Is an Art Form - 1504 Words

TERM PAPER â€Å"Music is generally perceived as the most universal of all art forms.† The literal meaning of the word music according to any dictionary is: art of combining vocal or instrumental sounds in a harmonious or expressive way. But music has a meaning which is far broader than this. Music is life. Music means Self-expansion and oneness. It is an art by itself. Art, in any of its forms, is generated by a person, or a group of talented yet usually ordinary people, that express, willingly or not, an opinion regarding present times. It is not a want; it is a need. If you try to imagine yourself without it, you are bound to feel incomplete. For many of us, it has become a necessity of our lives. Music has no boundaries. Music is the†¦show more content†¦Music itself is considered as a language. Music and language are related in many ways. Because music stimulates our sense of hearing, it is clear that music can, and inevitably does, convey information. I consider that music is, by its very nature, has the power to express everything, whether a feeling, an attitude of mind, a psychological mood, a phenomenon of nature, etc. Although it can be said that music usually tends to express something, this is only an illusion, and not a reality. It is precisely this, which produces in us a unique emotion which has nothing in common with our ordinary sensations and our responses to the impressions of daily life. Music expresses, at different moments, serenity or liveliness, regret or triumph, fury or delight. It expresses each of these moods, and many others, in a numberless variety of differences. It may even express a state of meaning for which there exists no adequate word in any language. In that case, musicians often like to say that it has only a purely musical meaning. They sometimes go farther and say that all music has only a purely musical meaning. My own belief is that all music has an expressive power, some more and some less, but that all music has a certainShow MoreRelatedMusic As A Form Of Art1125 Words   |  5 PagesMusic is an art to reflect human’s emotion. It is the science or art of using tones and sounds in association and in temporal relationships to make construction having unity and continuity.It can be divided into classical music, pop music, folk music and instrumental music. In the types of art, music belongs to abstract art. Music can make people pleasant and bring enjoyment of auditory sense to people.Music refer to an art include melody, rhythm ,harmony vocal and instrumental sounds.There is noRead MoreMusic : A Powerful Form Of Art1516 Words   |  7 PagesMusic is vitally important to countless people. As said by Frank Zappa, â€Å"without music to decorate it, time is just a bunch of boring production deadlines or dates by which bills must be paid.† Music brings art and creativity to a person’s life. Unlike, art or paintings or some theater, anyone can appreciate it. Simply, by tapping your foot to the beat, you are appreciating the art of music. Music is a powerf ul form of art. It motivates and inspires its listener. Music is like an indescribable forceRead MoreRap Music As An Art Form1295 Words   |  6 PagesI. Introduction â€Å"Rather than treat rap music as an art form whose primary purpose is to entertain, prosecutors have become adept at convincing judges and juries alike that the lyrics are either autobiographical confessions of illegal behavior or evidence of a defendant’s knowledge, motive, or identity with respect to the alleged crime† (Nielson and Kubrin 1). Recently, prosecutors have been using rap lyrics as evidence in a criminal case. Rap, a form of hip-hop, originated in the 1970’s in NewRead MoreAn Multidisciplinary Art Form Of Experimental Music Theatre Essay1988 Words   |  8 Pagesmultidisciplinary art form of Experimental Music Theatre is relatively new in the art world. It encompasses a wide range of musical and theatrical forms and styles and is often presented in unconventional venues. Similar to Wagner’s notion of Gesamtkunstwerk, Experimental Music Theatre seeks to integrate all the arts to create one complete art form. For Wagner, this ideal materi alized in his Operas, which he labelled music dramas. However, in contrast to Wagner’s dramas, where music, voice, poesy, paintingRead MoreMusic Is A Form Of Art In Which People Paint Pictures With1331 Words   |  6 PagesMusic is a form of art in which people paint pictures with their words and instruments. On April 19th I attended an amazing performance at Prince George’s Community college that was a prime example of this. The piano concert was a duet performed by Josiah Stocker and Hyeeum Hahm. They performed Vif, Modere and Brasileira by Darius Milhaud; Hoe-down, and Saturday Night Waltz by Aaron Copland; and VII. Waltz, V Rag, and VIII. A la Turk by Dave Brubeck. They played each piece beautifully but the enjoyedRead MoreMusic is one of many forms of art. There are varying types of music which consists of seven1300 Words   |  6 Pages Music is one of many forms of art. There are varying types of music which consists of seven different concepts. These concepts: rhythm, tone, beat, melody, harmony, expression, and structure, are the fundamental parts of music. These parts of music, with all of its characteristics, has been proven throughout history to change views of most humans on earth regardless of age race, sex, and nationality. The creation of music is still disputed; however its early forms consisted of simple beats, rhythmsRead MoreDid the Impact of the Beatles Sgt Pepper Album Help Redefine Popular Music as a Culturally Significant Art Form?4164 Words   |  17 PagesSgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band is first and foremost the album that gave rise to hopes of progress in pop music (The Times, 29 May 1967) Did the impact of the Beatles Sgt Pepper album help redefine popular music as a culturally significant art form? Summary of Assignment Choose an artist from the period 1900-1970 and to examine their relationship to the cultural and social framework of their era with reference to an important or influential album. Introduction In this essay IRead MoreThe Music Of Jazz Music1353 Words   |  6 PagesTo define jazz music, one must scroll through the lexicon of words associated with the sound of jazz to come up with a description of the art form. Words such as smooth, cool, nice, swinging, and jazzy describe the art form. However, because of the vague definition of its sound, there is no one true definition of the art form. Jazz is an art form that cannot be restrained. Jazz is like watching Michael Jordan go up for an ordinary slam dunk, but in midair, he changes his mind to do something completelyRead MoreRomanticism in Music1653 Words   |  7 Pagesearly twentieth century. Drastic changes in the arts took place over the course of this time period. During this movement, much emphasis was placed on emotion and imagination in the arts. Prior to the Romantic Period, music had been seen more as recreation and njoyment than as an integral part of culture. The term Romanticism was first used in England and Germany in reference to a form of literature. It soon after spread to music and the visual arts. Romanticism was largely a product of two importantRead MoreArt Songs and Schubert1542 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Art songs? The human voice is a natural instrument with unique capabilities. Speech and music have been combined since the earliest times, so that Song is probably one of the oldest musical forms. Simple definitions for song might be a piece of music performed by voice, with or without instrumental accompaniment, or a poem set to music. The German word for such classical song is Lied (singular) and Lieder (plural), so that you will hear the terms art song, lied and lieder used

People s Life Experiences Make Them Who They Are - 991 Words

People’s life experiences make them who they are in life. These events, teach individuals how to appropriately act with somebody of a different race, as well as demonstrated all the diverse types of people there are in the world. As a child, I came across numerous boys and girls, of various hair hues and skin tones, at spots where children congregate. It did not seem to matter at the time what the person looked like on the outside, all I perceived was a new child to play with and someone to call a friend. It is inspiring to me, that children, more often than not, are blind to racial differences. Sadly, as people grow older they start to become aware of others racial dissimilarities. The first time I knowingly encountered someone of a different race than myself was in August of 1999. It was my first year of school, and one of my classmates looked different than the rest of the children. His name was Peter and he was a 5-year-old black boy. It was also in 1999, that I first experienced an incident were being prejudice was an issue. To better elaborate, a few weeks into the school year, Peter and I started to become friends. We sat together fairly often at lunch. One day, I was invited to sit at lunch with the more popular classmates. It is no surprise that children of all ages can be cruel, and it is so easy for a child to be influenced by a group of kids that are observed to be the popular crowd. Sadly, that is what happened to me. These other children informed me thatShow MoreRelatedWhat Does You Do You?1657 Words   |  7 Pagesso new that they can redefine one s thoughts and outlook on life. One goes through years of this as their journey through life continu es on, with each new experience adding to the ever growing and ever changing matrix that is one s identity. Many times, one points to things they enjoy or who one proclaims he or she is as their identity. However, it is not one s words or list of likes that actually crafts who one is. Interactions with others, the experiences gained from those reactions, and theRead MoreWhat Does Life Mean?1127 Words   |  5 PagesWhat does life mean to us? Each day we wake up, do our daily routine, sleep, and then repeat. What if one day we are shown that our world, and the life that we have been living, is not real. What meaning would our lives have then? Would we say that we lived a good life? Or would we say that we have not yet lived at all? On the other hand, what if we are presented with option of living a simulated life? We could have the option of being and doing whoever and whatever we want. And once we are in theRead MoreStudy Abroad : A Waste Of Time1500 Words   |  6 PagesStudy Abr oad, a waste of time. I think not! Is Study Abroad a waste of time or an exciting experience? I say that it s a great thing and for the right people it’s not a waste. Williamson in â€Å"Study Abroad: Revenue Drain or Stream† for the Chronicle states, â€Å" many higher-education institutions and others have found ways to generate revenue from study-abroad ventures. The World Bank estimates that $300-billion is spent each year on global higher education†¦Ã¢â‚¬ What Williamson really means is that sinceRead MoreThis Is What It Means For Say Phoenix, Arizona Essay1691 Words   |  7 PagesSay Phoenix, Arizona by Sherman Alexie, two men embark on a journey that improves their lives spiritually and allows them to claim the closure that they are both seeking. Although the author s main purpose is to share a story about a man s journey to find peace, he is also able to incorporate many important issues such as the disparity between life on the reservation and life in other parts of the United States. T hrough imagery and the author’s well written narrative, it is very easy to detectRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Homelessness And Homelessness1699 Words   |  7 Pagesaddress the values that people who are homeless may have, according to what each artist conveys through their song lyrics. Throughout the lyrics in each song, it seems like the artists are attempting to communicate to the public that homelessness is a serious issue that nobody is immune to. The values that I have gathered are bravery, hope, and perseverance. I have chosen this topic because over half a million people are homeless, the government has limited resources to help those who are homeless, andRead MoreMarxist Literary Analysis1129 Words   |  5 PagesBrien s The Things They Carried concerns the relationship between fiction and the narrator. In this novel, O Brien himself is the main character--he is a Vietnam veteran recounting his experiences during the war, as well as a writer who is examining the mechanics behind writing stories. These two aspects of the novel are juxtaposed to produce a work of literature that comments not only upon the war, but also upon the actual art of fiction: the means of storytelling, the purposes behind them, andRead MoreGreat Expectations By Charles Dickens1163 Words   |  5 Pagesthere are select individuals who I hope to impress or make proud. In the future I want to make someone in one of the group s proud to know me. Each action or decision I make is influenced by these people. Matters of se riousness, as well little trifles are constantly being affected by the looming authority of â€Å"my elders†. Will my grandma think these shorts are too short? In Great Expectations by Charles Dickens, all the characters are influenced by the surrounding people. Their decisions and actionsRead MoreBook Report (the Perks of Being a Wallflower)1016 Words   |  5 Pageswhat most didn t and didn t judge anyone for who they are or what they were like; on the contrary, he actually thought about and sometimes asked why they decided to be that way, and there was nothing more to it. Through out the book, entirely composed of letters to an unnamed friend, he explains how he met eccentric people, like Sam and her step-brother Patrick; two kids a few years older than the at the time freshman Charlie. Sam was Charlie s first love in the story, he described her as havingRead MoreNotes On Sources Of Power1007 Words   |  5 Pagesin my Life Experience is a key to knowledge. It is a type of power one can simply acquire by observing, encountering, or either undergoing an event. It is a type of power that I have used throughout my life. Expert power. The process of experiencing is when one obtains a skill or a piece of knowledge from an event in their life which can later be utilized in their life. As we gain experience, we become experts in a specific role to which we can help others meet their goals. Experience doesnRead More Home-Schooling Essay882 Words   |  4 PagesHome-Schooling Whether or not to home-school your children is a controversial issue for thousands of parents every year. Do you want to let your children go out on their own or keep them safe at home where you can monitor their development? Many parents choose to home-school their children and there are plenty of arguments for and against this decision. When it all comes down to it the decision will be based on the socio-economic status of the family, as to whether they can afford

Black Death (509 words) Essay Example For Students

Black Death (509 words) Essay Black Death?The Black Death serves as a major turning point in the history of European civilization.?The arrival of both the bubonic and pneumonic plagues threw Europe as a whole into an economic, social, and political tailspin. Europe was already on its collective way down economically due to declining areas of cultivation and the effects of prolonged warfare when, in 1347, the Black Death set upon the Europeans. For the next 100 years, Europeans would have to adapt to an extremely different and difficult lifestyle. The Plague cut through Europe like a giant scythe. Toulouse and the rural areas surrounding Pistoia lost close to two-thirds of their respective populations. Citizens began to seek isolation from each other, trying desperately to avoid infection. Cities were abandoned by their populations who were fleeing to the countryside. Farmers and other rural inhabitants were forced to move because of the vast numbers of people moving away from their cities and towns. With many dead and others not coming to work, crops were not harvested and factories and plants were slowed. Thus prices for everyday items skyrocketed. The Black Death severely accelerated and intensified Europes depression. The Plague also contributed to many of the citizen uprisings. Common people began to see that the rich and those in power were not exempt from the rules of the Black Death. The Plague could and did attack the papacy. When the common citizens realized the high class and the rulers were dying and suffering just as they were, commoners started insurrections. Lay people all over Europe saw that the rich were not much different from them as they were told to believe. The church was also attacked due to the Black Death. In Rome, the pope decided to move to Avignon because of the turmoil in Central Italy. Many different factions and subcultures developed. Radical religious leaders urged people to go their own way or seek isolation because man is good in nature whereas the church had always preached man is born into sin. Eckhart, Wyclif, and Hus all preached and taught beliefs that were not church sanctioned. Politically Europe was in shambles. Countries fought each other while their citizen s fought themselves. France and England were engaged in the Hundred Years War that was a series of battles that went on from 1337-1453. Germany was in a state of anarchy from 1350 to 1450. The many independent princes of Germany continually fought against each other. England was hit hard at home as well. Of the nine kings that came to power between 1307 and 1485, five died at the hands of conspirators or due to revolts. Also, Englands incompetent government helped fan the flames of the War or the Roses between House of Lancaster and the House of York. The Black Plague played a pivotal rule in shaping Europe into its present day state. The Black Death was a setback but it also served as a reminder and experience needed to show human drive and will to live by our own means. European History

Capital Punishment Essays (1361 words) - Capital Punishment

Capital Punishment Capital Punishment is the execution of criminals by the state, for committing crimes, regarded so heinous, that this is the only acceptable punishment. Capital punishment does not only lower the murder rate, but it's value as retribution alone is a good reason for handing out death sentences. Support for the death penalty in the U.S. has risen to an average of 80% according to an article written by Richard Worsnop, Entitled Death penalty debate centers on Retribution, this figure is slightly lower in Canada where support for the death penalty is at 72% of the population over 18 years of age, as stated in an article by Kirk Makir, in the March 26, 1987 edition of the Globe and Mail, titled B.C. MPs split on Death Penalty. The death penalty deters murder by putting the fear of death into would be killers. A person is less likely to do something, if he or she thinks that harm will come to him. Another way the death penalty deters murder, is the fact that if the killer is dead, he will not be able to kill again. Most supporters of the death penalty feel that offenders should be punished for their crimes, and that it does not matter whether it will deter the crime rate. Supporters of the death penalty are in favor of making examples out of offenders, and that the threat of death will be enough to deter the crime rate, but the crime rate is of no matter. According to Isaac Ehrlich's study, published on April 16, 1976, eight murders are deterred for each execution that is carried out in the U.S.A. He goes on to say, If one execution of a guilty capital murderer deters the murder of one innocent life, the execution is justified. To most supporters of the death penalty, like Ehrlich, if even 1 life is saved, for countless executions of the guilty, it is a good reason for the death penalty. Most supporters, including Ehrlich, consider the theory that society engages in murder when executing the guilty, invalid. He feels that execution of convicted offenders expresses the great value society places on innocent life. Isaac Ehrlich goes on to state that racism is also a point used by death penalty advocates. We will use the U.S. as examples, since we can not look at the inmates on death row in Canada, because their are laws in Canada that state that crime statistics can not be based on race, also the fact that there are no inmates on death row in Canada. In the U.S. 16 out of 1000 whites arrested for murder are sentenced to death, while 12 of 1000 blacks arrested for murder were sentenced to death. 1.1% of black inmates on death row were executed, while 1.7% of white inmates will die. Another cry for racism, as according to Ehrlich, that is raised by advocates of the death penalty is based on the color of the victim, for example if the victim is white, it is more likely that the offender will get the death penalty than if the victim had been black. This is true, if you look at the actual number of people who are murder. More people kill whites and get the death penalty, then people who kill blacks and get the death penalty. The reason for this is that more whites are killed, and the murders captured. Now if we look at the number of blacks killed it is a lot less, but you have to look at these numbers proportionately. Percent wise it is almost the same number for any race, so this is not the issue. In a 1986 study done by Professor Stephen K. Layson of the University of North Carolina, the conclusions made by Ehrilich were updated, and showed to be a little on the low side as far as the deterrence factor of capital punishment. Professor Layson found that 18 murders were deterred by each execution is the U.S. He also found that executions increase in probability of arrest, conviction, and other executions of heinous offenders. According to a statement issued by George C. Smith, Director of Litigation, Washington Legal Foundation, titled In Support of the Death Penalty, support for the

SIWES Project in Computer Science

SIWES Project in Computer Science Free Online Research Papers CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview of SIWES SIWES refers to the employment of students nearing under-graduation in firms or organizations, which operate on activities related to the respective student’s major subjects. The course, CSC 3299 as offered in Ajayi Crowther University is a compulsory subject offered by every computer science student in the 2nd semester of the third academic year with the objective of enabling students to come into contact with real life applications regarding the knowledge and skills gained in both theoretical and practical courses of the university. The core courses of Computer Science offered by ACU are both theory and laboratory practical -based and aid in providing a theoretical concept or ‘base’ to the students so that they are equipped with sufficient knowledge for joining the work force after completion of under-graduation. SIWES on the other hand helps the students familiarize themselves with the experience of being employed in their field and effectively learning and applying the knowledge required by carrying out their activities in the offices and fields. 1.2 Objectives of SIWES The general objectives if SIWES are outlined as follows: ï‚ § Helping students break free from the theoretical world of textbooks and class courses and leap into the real world of applications of knowledge. ï‚ § Enabling the students to effectively interact in a work environment within a hierarchy of employees. The efficiency in working in groups and under higher authorities is tested during this course. ï‚ § Helping students to express dependability, initiative, resourcefulness and professionalism in the tasks they are assigned. ï‚ § To evaluate the person’s ability to communicate and operate under pressure, if required. ï‚ § To help students enhance their creativity and efficiency in dealing with projects related to their field of study. ï‚ § To enable students to pick up skills from the experience and projects of other employees to apply in their own tasks. ï‚ § To enable the student realize their relative strength in a field with many practical applications and help students come out with final year projects that model real life industry challenges. 2.0 Origin of the Report This report has been prepared as a requirement of the internship program. The report was based upon the ICT department of the organization Nigerian civil aviation authority (NCAA). 2.1 ORGANISATION BRIEFS AND STRUCTURE OF NCAA Brief : Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority is the regulatory body for aviation in Nigeria. It became autonomous with the passing into law of the Civil Aviation Act 2006 by the National Assembly and assent of the President, Federal Republic of Nigeria. The Act not only empowers the Authority to regulate Aviation Safety without political interference, but also to carry out Oversight functions of Airports, Airspace, Meteorological Services, etc as well as economic regulations of the industry. Nigeria has just successfully passed through the ICAO Security follow-up Audit of May 2006 and the ICAO Universal Safety Oversight Audit in November 2006. Nigeria is now preparing for the American FAA IASA Category 1 Certification. With over 25 Airports, 30 Airlines, 590 Pilots, 19 Flight Engineers, 258 Air Traffic Controllers(ATC), 677 Aircraft Maintenance Engineers, 1103 Cabin Crew and 4 Aircraft Dispatchers, Nigeria now boasts of improved aviation infrastructural facilities at the Airports, state of the art navigational aids, modern weather forecasting equipment and highly skilled manpower to ensure safety and comfort of the flying public. Airlines have started bringing in brand new aircraft to the industry 737-700 new generation, Regional Jet CRJ 400/900, Dash 8-400Q, Business Jet/Turboprop, Helicopters, B777, Dreamliner B787, Jumbo Jet Boeing 747-400 series as well as brand new Regional Jet Embraer. 3.0 NCAA STRUCTURE Senior Management : Director General: Dr. H.O. Demuren Director of Airworthiness Standards: Engr. P. Ekunwe Director of Licensing: Capt. Adamu Mshelia (Acting) Director of Operations and Training: Capt. A. N. Aliyu (Acting) Director of Aerodrome and Airspace Standards: Mr. Lawal Haruna Director of Air Transport Regulation: Ms. I. Sosina Director of Finance and Administration: Mrs. Elemanya Ebilah Director of Consumer Protection: Alh. Abdullahi Adamu Company Secretary/Legal Advisor: Mrs. A.A. Gbem Organizational Chart: 4.0 BRIEFS ON ICT DEPARTMENT 4.1 Our Goal To provide high quality, customer and staff-focused Information and Communication Technology support for efficient and value-added service delivery. 4.2 What We Do Our purpose is to ensure that our structures such as all communication-based procedures for the NCAA – within and outside – conforms to standard ICT platforms and practices, carefully targeted to meet our goal. 4.3 Objectives To deploy modern-based ICT facilities that will become catalysts in the innovative processes of effective aviation safety within our air-space To embark on an on-going process in which to foster better information and communication access for aviation service users To provide the means by which information and communication knowledge is developed, stored, aggregated, manipulated and diffused within and outside the NCAA and to become the major transformational medium of aviation safety reformation To technologically support and enable NCAA’s full participation in the global economy 5.0 Responsibilities Advice on adoption of most efficiently and effective ICT policy Ascertain proper and smooth operations of computer systems at the headquarters Draw ICT and ICT-related Budgets Assess the impact of ICT in economic growth and development Drawing up specifications to facilitate procurement of appropriate computer hardware and software related features within the organization Supervise the installation and commissioning of computer network systems Contact point on all ICT-issues.(i.e. ICT Management) Represents the organization in all forums on ICT-related issues Coordinate training of staffs on computer systems in line with E-Government Strategy to build a proper ICT capacity within the organization Advice the organization on information security in the use of computers and Maintain important information and data backups CHAPTER 2 DESCRIPTION OF WORK DONE During my six months SIWES at NCAA, I worked extensively in the Network and maintenance unit, Where I gained a lot of experience in network environment and system maintenance. 6.1 NETWORK STRUCTURE OF NCAA: 6.2 SUMMARY ON THE NCAA NETWORK NCAA uses a domain to organize the network environment. Domains are groups of PCs on the same network and are a method to isolate communications between the members in the domain and the other data traffic.. Anyone in a domain can communicate with each other and out bound, however PCs not defined in the domain can not communicate with those in the domain. Basically the network starts from when the satellite in space sends radio signals down to the satellite dish receiver (ku-band, ka-band, c-band e.t.c). This satellite dish receiver is connected to the private port of the internet modem then the public port of the modem is connected to the ISA server which acts as the gateway to internet access. The ISA server is connected to a domain controller which controls the domain environment by granting anyone who has a registered account on the domain access to the internet recourse. I.e. anyone who does not have an account or valid log on credentials cannot use the internet. Domain controller can also be used to control the network environment by restricting the rights to chance setting on the workstation so that only administrative rights can alter settings. The ISA server is also connected to an antivirus server which monitors the automatic updates and downloading of update for all workstation in the domain with a specific antivirus used for the network installed on them. The ISA server is also connected to a 24 port switch which is connected to the different switch cabinet in each directorate of office buildings (since it is a 24 port switch it take a maximum of 23 directorates, another switch can be connected to the first switch in case of more buildings). Ever building has a cabinet where LAN (local area network) connections are distributed to different offices. The cabinet comprises of switches and patch panels. The patch panel is a device that is used as a repeater so that signals don’t get loss over a long cable. One of the cables that comes from the main 24 port switch goes to the patch panel then a RJ-45 cable is connected from the patch panel to the switch (mostly a 24-port switch) in the cabinet (in case of two switches we have two patch panels.). The patch panel then distributes the connection in the office or to other offices in the building as LAN port where workstations can be connected to by the use of RJ-45 cable (workstations can also be connected directly to the switch). As for wireless connection, a wireless router or access point is placed at every passage way in each building. The wireless access point is either connected to one of the switches in the cabinet or the main 24-port switch. Public port Private port Building 1 cabinet LAN port workstation IMAGE OF SERVER FOR NCAA’S HEADQUARTER IMAGE OF ANTIVIRUS SERVER FOR NCAA’S HEADQUARTER 10.0 DESCIPTION OF DEVICES USED IN NCAA NETWORK 10.1 SATELLITE DISH AND FREQUENCY BAND NCAA uses a ku-band (Kurtz under band) satellite dish with VSAT (Very Small ApertureTerminal) installation equipment. VSAT is the equipment used to uplink and downlink using either C, Ka or Ku band. There are various types of frequency bands, the three primary bands are listed below: ïÆ'Ëœ C-band ïÆ'Ëœ Ka-band ïÆ'Ëœ Ku-band 10.2 C Band C Band is the oldest and most frequently used frequency for sending signals to satellite dishes. The C band consumes 3.7 to 4.2 GHz for sending the signals to earth stations (known as downlink) and 5.9 to 6.4 GHz for vice versa (known as uplink). This frequency band has been found to operate under extreme weather conditions as well. It has been divided into 6 subcategories known as Extended C-Band, Super Extended, INSAT, Palapa, Russian, and LMI band. The band requires large size Prime-Focal dishes commonly known as BUD to operate. The dishes vary between three feet to nine feet. The band will require specific C-Band LNBF (Local Noise Block Feed). It is mainly used to transmit older channels that operate on this band. C band dishes are large in size approximately 6-7feet. Diagram showing C-band dish Antenna 11.0 Ku Band Ku Band or Kurtz Under band is used to transmit signals at high frequencies. The downlink frequency of the band ranges from 11.7 to 12.7 GHz while uplink frequency ranges from 14 to 14.5 GHz. NBC started its transmission services on this band in 1983. The DVB or Digital Video Broadcasting service utilizes this band. The North American satellites broadcast Ku band signals because they operate in the same range of downlink and uplink frequency. The band consumes more power than C Band due to additional data transfers. It also requires 16 to 24 transponders used for broadcasting satellite service. It is mainly used to transmit FM Audio services and in social and business network projects. The band requires Ku-band LNBF, coaxial cable, and a C/Ku band feed horn antenna. RG-6 is the perfect coaxial cable for transmission. Diagram of a Ku-Band-Solid-Dish-Antenna 12.0 Ka Band Kurtz Above or Ka Band requires more power to transmit signals. The downlink frequency range is 18.3 to 20.2 GHz while uplink frequency range is 27.5 to 31 GHz. The size of the dish for this band is even smaller than C band. It varies from two feet to five feet. It is used extensively in military airplanes and vehicle speed detection. Diagram of a Ka-Band-Solid-Dish-Antenna 12.1 ISA server/proxy server/gateway The ISA server also acts as a proxy server/gateway. A proxy server is a server that acts as an intermediary between a workstation user and the Internet so that the enterprise can ensure security, administrative control, and caching service. A proxy server is associated with or part of a gateway server that separates the enterprise network from the outside network and a firewall server that protects the enterprise network from outside intrusion. An advantage of a proxy server is that its cache can serve all users. If one or more Internet sites are frequently requested, these are likely to be in the proxys cache, which will improve user response time. A proxy can also do logging. A user on a workstation which is connected to the domain can only view the internet if the address and port number of the ISA server is set in the proxy address and port settings. 13.0 HOW TO SET THE PROXY SETTINGS: STEP 1: Click tools then click internet options on the browser. STEP 2: Click on the connection tab and then click LAN settings. STEP 3: Type in the ISA server ip-address (e.g. 192.168.2.1) in the address box and also insert the port number (e.g. 3128). 14.0 DOMAIN CONTROLLER NCAA uses a domain to organize the network environment. Domains are groups of PCs on the same network and also a method to isolate communications between the members in the domain and the other data traffic.. Anyone in a domain can communicate with each other and out bound, however PCs not defined in the domain can not communicate with those in the domain. A domain controller is a device used to organize and control a domain environment. A domain controller makes use of an active directory to organize all user account in the domain. An active directory is a Microsoft technology, part of Active Platform, which enables applications to find, use, and manage directory resources (such as user names, network printers, and permissions) in a distributed computing environment. Image of an active directory interface 15.0 HOW TO JOIN A WORKSTATION TO A DOMAIN STEP 1: right-click on my-computer then click properties. STEP 2: click on system properties. STEP 3: click on computer name tab, click change. STEP 4: Type in the computer name (e.g. pro 10), then click the domain radio button and type in the domain name (e.g. dpetri.net), then click ok. STEP 5: After clicking OK you would prompt with a username and password dialog box where only those with administrative credentials would be able to logon. Type in the user name and password, and then click OK. STEP 5: After clicking OK, you would be prompted with a dialog box welcoming you to the domain. Then restart the system. 17.0 ANTIVIRUS SERVER The antivirus server is a separate system that is connected to the ISA server. It is used to protect the network from harmful treats like spyware (i.e. worm, virus, adware e.t.c.). The antivirus server makes use of windows server 2003 operating system, with a network antivirus (e.g. e-trust) installed on it. For any workstation on the network to be protected by the network antivirus server a copy of the network antivirus must be installed on them. To make the antivirus copy work with the antivirus server the proxy settings must be set using the antivirus server Ip-address (e.g. 192.168.2.4) as the address in the proxy settings. 18.0 MAIN SWITCH The main switch is a switch that is used to distribute the network connection to different buildings. A switch is a device that is used to link systems or workstations together. A switch is mainly used in a star topology. 18.1 Properties of a switch: Collision: this is the jamming of signal in a transmission medium. Collision domain: this is the environment in which collision occurs. Broadcast: this is the sending of signal from a system to the rest of the system connected to the switch. A broadcast is usually sent across all the collision domains as one virtual domain. Broadcast domain: this is the environment in which a broadcast is sent across. Multicast: this is the sending of signal from on system to a selected group of systems connected to the switch. Unicast: this is a signal that is sent from on system to another. 18.2 Internal operations of a switch A switch has one big channel (broadcast domain) with some dedicated path known as collision domain. The number of collision domain depends on the number of ports on the switch (i.e. a 24-port switch has 24-collision domain). Switches always have one broadcast domain no matter the amount of ports. A switch operates with a protocol called CSMA/CA (carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance). The CSMA/CA unlike the CSMA/CD (carrier sense multiple access/collision detection) of a hub helps the switch to see a possible collision before it occurs and avoids it. One broadcast domain 5-ports with 5-collision domain Image of a 24-port switch 19.0 PATCH PANEL A patch panel is a panel of network ports contained together, usually within a telecommunications closet that connects incoming and outgoing lines of a LAN or other communication, electronic or electrical system. In a LAN, the patch panel connects the networks computers to each other and to the outside lines that enable the LAN to connect to the Internet or another WAN. Connections are made with patch cords. The patch panel allows circuits to be arranged and rearranged by plugging and unplugging the patch cords. The use of a patch panel is necessary because is help to repeat signals travelled over a cable from a long distance to prevent data loss. A patch panel is connected to a switch respectively according to the number on each port of both the switch and patch panel. Image of a patch panel image of patch cables Switch Patch panel Image of a patch panel connection with a switch 20.0 ROUTER/VPN A router is a device or a computer that is used to connect two or more networks together. Routers are physical devices that join multiple wired or wireless networks together. Technically, a wired or wireless router is a Layer 3 gateway, meaning that the wired/wireless router connects networks (as gateways do), and that the router operates at the network layer of the OSI model. A router can also be called a computer because it has a LAN-port, an operating system (OS) and memory. 20.1 Router’s memories ROM (read only memory). DRAM (dynamic random access memory). NVRAM (non volatile RAM). FLASH. ROM: This is a permanent memory that is used to store the hardware configuration of the router. DRAM: This is a temporary memory that is used to store the running-configuration of the router. NVRAM: This is a partially permanent memory that stores the startup-configuration of the router. FLASH: This is permanent memory that stores the IOS (Internetwork operating system) of the router. A router has an operating system and a user interface (depending on the brand of the router). The user interface can be viewed by connecting the router via LAN-cable to a computer. There are series of steps taken to view the user interface. 21.0 STEPS TO VIEW THE USER INTERFACE OF A ROUTER: Know the default ip-address of the router (usually 192.168.0.1). Connect the router to a computer. Open a browser. Click on the file tab. Click on open then a dialog box appears. Type in the Ip-address of the router in the text box and click OK, then a logon dialog box appears. The default username and password are both admin and admin. Type in the username and password then click OK. In the user interface you can change the Ip-address to suit your company setting, change the security protocol (i.e. either WAP, WAP2, WEP e.t.c), router name e.t.c An image of a wireless router 21.1 VPN: A VPN (virtual private network) is a device that uses a series of encryption and algorithms to secure the data transmitted over the public internet. It allows users to work on their company network from their home with a higher level of confidence that no one else can access their work i.e. it provides a level of encryption so that an outsider would not be able to hack in to the network. VPN eliminates distance between two computers and establish a secured connection with two computers. A VPN can also act as a router in the sense that it can be used for connecting two or more networks together. Image of a VPN box 22.0 MAINTENANCE UNIT On the 14th of July 2010 I was transferred to maintenance unit of NCAA headquarters. In this unit I was fortunate to be exposed to knowledge on hardware and software. 22.1 Computer hardware identification A computer system basically contains the following components/devices: ïÆ'Ëœ System case ïÆ'Ëœ Motherboard ïÆ'Ëœ Processor ïÆ'Ëœ Memory ïÆ'Ëœ Graphics card ïÆ'Ëœ Sound card ïÆ'Ëœ Modem and NIC Card ïÆ'Ëœ Hard disk ïÆ'Ëœ CD-ROM/DVD-ROM ïÆ'Ëœ Monitor 22.2 System case: A system case is required to hold all your components together. It houses all the internal component of a system. The system cases come in two form factors which are AT and ATX. Nearly all the cases made nowadays are ATX as the motherboard manufacturers make majority of their motherboard in the ATX form. Image of an ATX system case 23.0 Motherboard: A motherboard is the central printed circuit board (PCB) in a computer that holds many of the crucial components of the system, while providing connectors for other peripherals. The motherboard is sometimes alternatively known as the main board, system board. Most motherboards made nowadays are ATX. An ATX motherboard has the standard I/O (Input/output) connectors such as PS/2 ports, parallel ports, serial ports, etc, built onto the motherboard. Old AT motherboard on the other hand uses I/O cards and cables which requires to be plugged into the motherboard, which gets a bit untidy. AT motherboard requires AT keyboard and AT power supply. ATX motherboard fits into an ATX case and comes with an ATX power supply. The following is a picture of an ATX motherboard Image of a motherboard 24.0 Processor: The processor (CPU, for Central Processing Unit) is the computers brain. It allows the processing of numeric data, information entered in binary form, and the execution of instructions stored in memory. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is responsible for interpreting and executing most of the commands from the computers hardware and software. It is often called the brains of the computer. Image of a processor 25.0 Memory: A memory is the name given to a silicon chips that stores volatile computer data. The word Volatile means that the contents of memory will be lost if the power of the computer switched off. Memory stores some of your operating system and application data while it is being run. The more memory you have in your computer the higher the amount of application you can run simultaneously, and will provide an overall better system performance. Memory comes in different forms. The older system uses SDRAM, while the current system uses DDR-SDRAM (Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory). Image of a memory module CHAPTER 3 RELEVANCE OF WORK EXPERIENCE TO STUDIES At Nigerian civil aviation authority (NCAA) I was exposed to new practical experience of networking, system maintenance and Information Technology. All the theoretical aspects that I have learnt over the years at the university are relevant to my work experience and I have seen how my experiences can be applied to this fast developing IT world. CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION AND RECOMENDATION 27.0 RECOMMENDATION From this experience carried out during the industrial training period. I hereby humbly make the following recommendation believing that when carefully followed there will be a way forward to a better future. 1. Six months of SIWES should be strictly adhered to because there is really much to learn 2. ITF should pay students during training to alleviate the problems of transportation than waiting till the end of the program 3. ITF should pay students during training to alleviate the problems of transportation than waiting till the end of the programme. The present allowance should be reviewed upward to reflect present economic realities. 4. The supervisors from the universities and ITF should visit the students at the right time, as this really would be a motivation 28.0 CONCLUSION My SIWES was a very successful one, I had an insight of the information security world. I have now known the power of networking and computer maintenance. With this, I will be able setup a simple network and maintain my computer and other devices. SIWES as a course has truly exposed me to the challenges faced in a growing information world that is dependent on computers. 29.0 REFRENCES http://en.wikipedia.org http://images.search.yahoo.com http://i.ehow.com petri.co.i Research Papers on SIWES Project in Computer ScienceStandardized TestingBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office SystemIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductPETSTEL analysis of India

Planning and Analyzing the Service Concept Essay

Planning and Analyzing the Service Concept - Essay Example Again proper standards and value adding services brings benefits tom clients in this industry. Implementation process is what creates value to customers. During planning and implementation when the â€Å"moment of truth† happens and service creation process and analyzing services results are realized leading to improved efficiency. In all the implementation of a new concept or service what is needed is to analyze the customers’ business operations identifying areas of planning for their need. This explains why sustainable value cannot be achieved for only one group though it has to be created for all of them. This is to say taxi drivers in Illinois have to be properly selected, and developed for them to create value for their customers making investors receive consistently returns. Service blue print has been applied to a broad range of services experiences (Meroni, Sangiorgi, 117). This report shows extended blueprint approach was applied to taxi services in Illinois State. People responding emotionally to taxi services used in this sector by employees providing understanding behavior and action that needed to become aligned with company standards. It is expected that expressive service blueprinting brings continue to provide a proactive empathetic approach for exploring customer responses to improve areas for services. This model shows the process within the taxi industry which is divided into separate components using lines. Service deliver process takes the steps of customer action which they need this must be on top of the service blueprint. When a customer is requesting a taxi driver to pick him the conversation is line of visibility’ that separates Onstage from Backstage actions. The mechanics who help maintain the vehicles are support process ca lled internal line of interaction’ this helps the service to be delivered. Service blueprint is physical evidence which is at the very top

Statement of the Problem for my dissertation Research Paper

Statement of the Problem for my dissertation - Research Paper Example A number of research studies about the RET programs have shown variations in changes and radical improvements relating to the teachers. There is some form of agreement that RET programs are excellent for the instructors as it broadens the intellect during study and empowers the teachers with sufficient acquaintance on how to work on research. The NGSS practices have been established to be the best to educators and students since they enhance learning through students’ engagements such as enabling them to vigorously explore the scientific knowledge. This knowledge is supposed to be acquired in class by practicing actual scientific or engineering research (NGSS Lead States, 2013). Most of the findings put forward that science teachers are required to go through comprehensive assessment to establish if they have embraced research as an imperative factor that improves their teaching practices. (Musante, 2006). Background on RET programs What are RET programs? In the course of RET programs teachers discover the way scientists do research in STEM fields. In addition, teachers play a role in the environment of scientific research (Grove, Dixon, Pop, 2009, Ononye et al., 2007). RET programs more often than not distribute teachers in research laboratories for a period that ranges from six weeks to two months to make possible their participation in scientific research in the true world (Pop, Dixon & Grove, 2010). The (STEM) fields as well as faculty of computer science and engineering in colleges to make information and acquaintance associated to these fields accessible to students. Features of RET programs Teacher participation in the RET program is very important in terms of teachers’ knowledge and scientific research. Research Experiences for Teacher (RET) has stirred up professional development amongst teachers and students themselves. In effect, it has improved the teaching and learning practices in classroom. RET programs vary considerably depending o n the specialization of the teachers. Moreover, other research methods such as discussions, observations and interviews are geared toward improving the understanding of scientific research practice while some focus on basic skills of solutions for mathematical and scientific problems (Schulte, 2009). Research on RETs As in every profession, research and experience still remain a fundamental characteristic in the field of education. Research in this case comprises the knowledge and skills bestowed by observation and proceedings gained by exploring a given aspect. Most of the findings suggest that science teachers are required to go through comprehensive assessment to determine if they have embraced research as an important factor that improves their teaching practices. This is because most teachers are conversant with class tests in contrast to research practices, which are perceived to expose them to many skills needed during actual professional exploration (Goreham, 2010). Effects on teacher’ practice Several studies have shown that teachers who used an online support system are at an advantage of translating their research experience into their own classroom teaching after participating in the RET (Hardre, Nanny, Refai, & Slater, 2010). It is worth noting; however, after the teachers had research

Travel with Companion Essay Example for Free

Travel with Companion Essay After working hard or finishing courses, many people want to have a tour which they have fun and relax. Many people like to travel with a companion ; other people prefer to travel alone. So I love traveling with friends more than traveling alone because it is convenient and brings me a lot of memories. Firstly, traveling with my best friends is great and gives me many nice memories. Also, it brings more fun because you can do a lot of things, and different people have different ideas on what to do. For example, we can go sightseeing, eat and take photos together. For one thing, I can share happiness with others instead of enjoying it lonely even the landscape is really graceful. For another thing, we can take care of each other because we are friends. On the other hand, I can save tour expenditure when traveling with friends. That is a reason why many people do not like to travel alone. I can rent double rooms, king-size rooms instead of renting only a single room. Besides, I think it is a bit troublesome to travel with friends because I will always feel safe, especially if I am going to somewhere dangerous. For instance, if I am travel sick and need to take medicine, someone can help me. In conclusion, I assured that my tour will be happier if I go with my friends. This brings nice memories and convenience to me. Therefore, I can enjoy my tour wonderfully.

The Role of Nelson Mandela and President De Klerk in Bringing about the

Apartheid, means "separateness", this was a social system enforced by white minority governments in twentieth-century upon those of ethnic minorities in South Africa. Under apartheid, the black majority was segregated, and was denied political and economic rights equal to those of whites, this had become a distressing daily routine for the Africans. Therefore in 1991 when De Klerk announced the end of Apartheid, this was a momentous moment for the whole of South Africa and an event, which shall be remembered, in black history forever. After over 50 years of apartheid policies the Africans were finally freed from confinements as the law accounted upon them as equals. However, the question as been raised, as to why did De Klerk put a sudden end Apartheid, and what had influenced his decision in doing so. Throughout this section of this coursework, I shall be analysing the circumstances of South Africa in order to confirm who was more important in bringing about the end of apartheid and minority rule, De Klerk or Nelson Mandela? Nelson Mandela and F.W de Klerk played a vital part in bringing about the end apartheid and minority rule in South Africa. However, their reasons for wanting the apartheid to end deviate significantly. Nelson Mandela was involved in the main resistance against apartheid, the African National Congress, or ANC for short. This large political group in South Africa was involved in many protests against apartheid since its formation in 1912. Mandela joined the Youth League of the ANC in 1944 but had doubts about his commitment to the party. In 1948 the Youth League elected a new ANC president in response to the... ...ndela played a more pivotal role in bringing about the end of apartheid due to his constant exertions and fights against it. However, Mandela cannot be completely commended for his efforts in the termination of the Apartheid. As although, Mandela fought against the apartheid for the best years of his life, on the other hand received no reactions from the Government to his efforts to remove the apartheid. Therefore indicating De Klerk played a crucial part in the anti-apartheid movement as he was president and had the power to end apartheid whilst Mandela didn?t. Overall, making the end of Apartheid a joint combination of both FW de Klerk?s efforts in the negotiations between the National party, although more so, Mandela?s and the ANC progress and constant dedication which helped to bring about the end of minority rule.

Impaired Asset

IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS The following information relates to Q1 & Q2.Information about three assets are given below in the table:Aldo Balbo Casco Value in Use $150,000 $195,000 $105,000Carrying Amount $90,000 $140,000 $112,000Net Realizable Value $115,000 $136,000 $85,000 Q1. What are the recoverable amounts of each asset? (MCQ)Aldo ($115,000), Balbo ($136,000), Casco ($105,000)Aldo ($150,000), Balbo ($136,000), Casco ($105,000)Aldo ($150,000), Balbo ($195,000), Casco ($105,000)Aldo ($115,000), Balbo ($195,000), Casco ($85,000)(2 marks) Q2. What are the impairment losses on each asset? (MCQ)Aldo ($0), Balbo ($0), Casco ($0)Aldo ($0), Balbo ($55,000), Casco ($20,000)Aldo ($25,000), Balbo ($4,000), Casco ($7,000)Aldo ($0), Balbo ($0), Casco ($7,000)(2 marks) Q3. A cash-generating unit has the following assets:Building $600,000Plant & Machinery $100,000Goodwill $80,000Inventory $50,000Total $830,000One of the machines valued at $60,000 has been damaged & will be scrapped. The total recoverable amount estimated from the cash-generating unit is $470,000. What is the recoverable amount of the current assets after the impairment loss? (MCQ)$21,800$28,000$33,500$50,000 (2 marks) Q4. Which of the following correctly defines the recoverable amount of an asset? (MCQ)Current market value of the asset less cost of disposalHigher of fair value less cost of disposal & value in useHigher of carrying amount & fair valueLower of fair value less cost of disposal & value in use (2 marks) Q5. An asset has a carrying amount of $55,000 at the year-end 31st March 2002. Its market value is $47,000 having a disposal cost of $3,500. A new asset will cost $85,000. The company expects that the asset will generate $19,000/per annum of cash flows for the next three years. The cost of capital is 8%. What is the impairment loss to be recognized for the year end 31st March 2002? (FIB)3613151270000$ (2 marks) Q6. Which of the following are internal indications of impairment? (MRQ) A fall in the market value of a machine due to inflationThe management realized that an asset is unable to produce up to its full capacityA report prepared by the warehouse manager than one of the lifter cars has crashed into a wallThe development of intention of management to sell the asset during the next 3 months (2 marks) Q7. Moby had purchased an asset on 1st September 2009 at a cost of $500,000 with the useful life of ten years with no cash inflow at the time of disposal. The asset has been depreciated until 31st October 2014. At that date, an accident occurred which resulted in the damage of the asset & an impairment test was taken by Moby. On 31st October 2014, the fair value of the asset was $160,000 with $10,000 cost of disposal. The expected future cash flows were $13,000/annum for the next five years. The cost of capital is at 10% with five-year annuity factor of 3.79. Calculate the impairment on 31st October 2014? (MCQ)$0$100,000$150,970$200,730 (2 marks) Q8. A cash-generating unit has the following assets:Property & Plant $400,000Machinery $90,000Goodwill $75,000License $5,000Net Assets (realizable value) $30,000Total $600,000The company had breached a government legislation which results in its cash-generating unit value to fall by $200,000. What will be the value of Property & Plant after the impairment? (MCQ)$101,010$126,316$266,667$298,990 (2 marks) Q9. Which of the following is not an indicator of impairment? (MCQ)The NRV of inventory has reduced due to damages but carrying amount is still lowered it's than NRV Technological advancement has boomed in a country resulting old machinery becoming obsoleteCost of capital of a company has increased due to increase in market ratesThe carrying amount of an asset is higher of the recoverable amount of an asset (2 marks) Q10. A company purchased an asset on 1st January 2000 costing $2.1 million and its life was 10 years. On 31st December 2001, the fair value of the assets was $1.9 million. On 31st December 2002, the recoverable amount of the asset was $0.7 million. Calculate the impairment loss to be recorded in Profit ; Loss account on 31st December 2002? (FIB)3613151270000$ (2 marks) Q11. A cash-generating unit has the following assets:Building $409,050Plant ; Machinery $311,000Goodwill $30,500Inventory $156,000Total $906,550One of the plants valued at $91,000 was destroyed ; will be scrapped. The total recoverable amount estimated from the cash-generating unit is $760,050. What is the recoverable amount of the Plant ; Machinery after the impairment loss? (FIB)3613151270000$ (2 marks) Q12. Meagan had purchased an asset on 1st September 2015 at a cost of $300,000 with the useful life of six years with no residual value. The asset has been depreciated until 31st October 2020. At that date, the asset was damaged ; an impairment test was taken by Moby. On 31st October 2020, the fair value of the asset was $60,000 with a $3,000 cost of disposal. The expected future cash flows were $16,000/annum for the next five years. The cost of capital is at 13% with five-year annuity factor of 3.52. Calculate the impairment on 31st October 2020? (MCQ)$0$680$6,320$7,000(2 marks) Q13. A delivery van has a carrying amount of $39,000 at the year-end 31st March 2016. Its market value is $33,800 having a disposal cost of $1,250. A new delivery van will cost $46,500. The company expects that the van can generate $9,300/per year of cash flows for the next four years. The cost of capital is 5%. What is the impairment loss to be recognized for the year end 31st March 2016? (MCQ)$1,250$5,200$6,022$6,450(2 marks) Q14. ZZZ Co purchased a non-current asset on 1st January 2012 costing $3.75 million and its life was eight years. On 31st December 2013, the fair value of the non-current asset was $2.95 million. On 31st December 2014, the recoverable amount of the asset was $1.25 million. Calculate the impairment loss to be recorded in Profit ; Loss account on 31st December 2014 nearest to $000? (FIB)3613151270000$ 000 (2 marks) IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS (ANSWERS) Q1. CRecoverable amount is the higher of the Value in Use or the Net Realizable Value. Q2. DImpairment loss = Carrying amount – Recoverable amount = Positive (+) Aldo = $90,000 – $150,000 = (-$60,000) No ImpairmentBalbo = $140,000 – $195,000 = (-$55,000) No ImpairmentCasco = $112,000 – $105,000 = $7,000 Impairment Q3. DAssets which have their own impairment criteria do not fall under the scope of IAS 32 -Impairment of asset. Inventory is impaired under IAS 2 – Inventory where it is calculated by choosing lower of Cost or Net Realizable Value. Q4. B Q5. $6,037Value in UseCash Flow Discount Factor 8% Present Value19,000 0.926 $17,59419,000 0.857 $16,28319,000 0.794 $15,086Total PV $48,963Fair Value less Cost to sell = $47,000 – $3,500 = $43,500Higher of = $48,963Impairment Loss = $55,000 – $48,963 = $6,037 Q6.A fall in the market value of a machine due to inflation (External indication)The management realized that an asset is unable to produce up to its full capacity (Internal indication)A report prepared by the warehouse manager than one of the lifter cars has crashed into a wall (Internal indication)The development of intention of management to sell the asset during the next 3 months (Internal indication) Q7. BCarrying Amount = (500,000 Ãâ€" 5/10) = 250,000Fair value less cost to sell = (160,000 – 10,000) = 150,000Value in use = (13,000 Ãâ€" 3.79) = 49,270Recoverable amount $150,000, Impairment = 250,000 – 150,000 = $100,000 Q8. DThe total impairment of CGU is $200,000The goodwill is impaired by $75,000 leaving $125,000 of impairment to be allocated to other assets.Total of assets to be impaired is $495,000 (400 + 90 +5)Impairment = (400,000 à · 495,000) Ãâ€" 125,000 = 101,010Fair Value after impairment = 400,000 – 101,010 = $298,990 Q9. AThe NRV of the inventory is still greater than its carrying amount so no impairment has arisen Q10. $742,500Calculation done in $000Cost = 2,100Depreciation = (2,100 Ãâ€" 2/10) = 420Carrying amount (After 2 years) = 2,100 – 420 = 1,680Revaluation of asset = 1,680 1,900 = 220 in Revaluation ReserveNew Cost = 1,900Depreciation = (1,900 Ãâ€" 1/8) = 237.5Carrying amount (After 1 year) = 1,900 – 237.5 = 1,662.5Impairment loss = 1,662.5 – 700 = 962.5Reversal of Revaluation Reserve = $220Excess recorded in Profit ; Loss account = 962.5 – 220 = $742,500 Q11. $211,257The total impairment of CGU is $146,500The goodwill is impaired by $30,500 leaving $116,000 of impairment to be allocated to other assets. The plant is impaired by $91,000 leaving $25,000 of impairmentTotal of assets to be impaired is $629,050 (409,050 + 311,000 – 91,000)Impairment = (220,000 à · 629,050) Ãâ€" 25,000 = 8,743Fair Value after impairment = 220,000 – 8,743 = $211,257 Q12. ACarrying Amount = (300,000 Ãâ€" 1/6) = 50,000Fair value less cost to sell = (60,000 – 3,000) = 57,000Value in use = (16,000 Ãâ€" 3.52) = 56,320Recoverable amount $57,000, Impairment = 50,000 – 57,000 = $0 Q13. CValue in UseCash Flow Annuity Factor 5% (1-4) Present Value9,300 3.546 $32,978Total PV $32,978Fair Value less Cost to sell = $33,800 – $1,250 = $32,550Higher of = $32,978Impairment Loss = $39,000 – $32,978 = $6,022 Q14. $1,071,000Calculation done in $000Cost = 3,750Depreciation = (3,750 Ãâ€" 2/8) = 937.5Carrying amount (After 2 years) = 3,750 – 937.5 = 2,812.5Revaluation of asset = 2,812.5 2,950 = 137.5 in Revaluation ReserveNew Cost = 2,950Depreciation = (2,950 Ãâ€" 1/6) = 491.67Carrying amount (After 1 year) = 2,950 – 491.67 = 2,458.33Impairment loss = 2,458.33 – 1,250 = 1,208.33Reversal of Revaluation Reserve = $137.5Excess recorded in Profit ; Loss account = 1,208.33 – 137.5 = $1,070,830Nearest to $000 = $1,071,000

The Effects Of Birth Defects On The Development Of The Fetus

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